Relationship beween the local and the global for international Essay

Relationship beween the local and the global for international marketing, evaluate Jean Baudrillard's claim that comtempory cons - Essay Example Following Marshall McLuhan’s interpretation of the structural power of technology to transform societies, one aspect of the introduction of international values into indigenous cultural systems is a change in value systems locally. This relates to what was described before as budget and agenda. Mass-market channels such as TV with its commercial-driven business model may not be a medium through which indigenous voices are traditionally heard or their values represented in the programming. There must be recognition of â€Å"planes of locality† and also the relative nature of minority status for cultures. For example, each nation-state may have a vibrant local media with a wide distribution of networks and local programming in native languages. Multinational corporations may translate their products and advertising campaigns easily to introduce new products into the local markets, and make available the resources in the company to hire local talent for this goal. Indigeno us minorities within the developing States may have a different plane of locality than the national media, and become a type of sub-minority when considered internationally. These traditional indigenous societies and their cultural views may become lost, ignored, and extinct, as in tribal cultures across the world in the 20th Century when confronted with the overpowering commercial messages of mass-media and social programming through advertising. In this manner it is important to understand how a nation like Brazil, China, Korea, or Indonesia may have various degrees of locality with reference to national media but also indigenous minorities within the larger polity. The national culture may compete in a â€Å"minority status† on the word stage, and struggle to have its national voice heard within the larger international dialog. At the same time, these nations may experience â€Å"one way† communication with the West in mass-communication, with the continual introduc tion of â€Å"Western† values but may be similarly unable to influence the dialog by being able to respond reciprocally. Smaller countries may have more difficulty competing internationally against established multinationals in the West, and this relates not only to production and distribution but also marketing and advertising. The internet is a great leveling force against the centralization inherent in mass-media communication channels, but it also leads to a fragmentation of locality and a smoothing of the plane of locality internationally, which fuels globalization’s spread. What â€Å"the mall† represents to local European culture, in contrast to the ancient history and vibrant traditions of open markets, small businesses, and independent bookshops or cafes, is fundamentally similar to what globalization offers on a mass-scale to every culture worldwide, namely the same homogenization of values and simulated model of reality as the mall. Indeed, in develop ing countries with swiftly expanding â€Å"middle classes† such as India, China, Brazil, Korea, etc. the mall appears locally on the same model as in France or America forty years ago, and offers the same promise of homogenization and hegemony to indigenous cultures. The mall provides the fashions, styles, and intellectual ‘products’ for the middle class, and all of the prices are targeted to the salary scale of the office and factory worker hierarchies. The products in the mall are usually

Teaching ESL Students Essay Example for Free

Teaching ESL Students Essay In the summer of 2008 I worked in a private college for girls in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. ( Due to the college’s policy, I was asked not to reveal the name of the college). This College offers continuing education and extension courses to meet the needs of women in the community for professional development and personal enrichment programs. In summer it offers a 4 week Intensive English Language Program. I was asked to teach two levels; level one and level three. In my level one class, I had a total of 9 students, and they were all Saudi’s: four of them were 15 years old, 2 of them where 11 years old, 2 were 13 years old, and one of them was 24 years old. All of them came from Saudi government schools. I met with them 5 days a week for 2 hours. The books used for the course was interchange level 1. However I also used Word by Word Picture Dictionary. Reading, writing, grammar, listening, speaking, and vocabulary were skills I taught in the program. Puzzle Area Generally, as an ESL teacher, I never use Arabic in class in order to expose students to the new language. However, I very quickly realized that the students were not responding well to my use of English only. I could see that the students felt insecure and confused. Even the simplest question â€Å"What’s your name? † was answered with head nodding or a crooked smile. So I used the Tarzan method, â€Å"I AM JANE†, but it was not effective. This response was a sign to change my method. I remembered the days in Pakistan as a child I tried to fit in while my classmates spoke Urdu and I felt like an alien lost and confused listening to gibberish from my perspective or rather trying to solve secret codes and guess what is being said. My focus automatically shifted not to learn the words but to try and understand body language. And this is what I saw in my students’ eyes i. e. they lost track of words and focused on my facial expressions and body language to try and understand what was going on. The look on their faces always seemed to say â€Å"What an earth is she saying † Thus, I puzzled over how I could best meet the needs of these very low level learners and whether or not I should use Arabic in class or not. Exploring the Puzzle Area I decided to experiment with using Arabic minimally to encourage learning English and to especially create a comfortable atmosphere for the beginners to express themselves. For instance when I introduced the vocabulary words, I allowed them to use Arabic. It was more or less a co-operative learning strategy. I gave them the word and defined it in English and some students said it out loud in Arabic helping each other understand the new words fully. Moreover, I felt the need to use Arabic myself when it came to teaching abstract vocabulary because I wanted to ensure induced errors would be avoided. I would ask my students to tell me what the word means in Arabic. Saying the word in Arabic myself was my last resort for I did it to spot check on the students and to further avoid their frustration. In grammar it was a different issue. I decided not to use Arabic, but eventually I realized it was big mistake and a waste of time. Explaining the grammar rules only in English was causing lots of problems with understanding the lesson, due to the low level of my students. I repeated the lesson many times speaking slowly with the simplest words believing that they at least understood something from the lesson. But my efforts were in vain because once I asked the class to start practicing the exercises orally, no one responded. Whereas when I used a bit of Arabic as well as English in the same lesson, it was more effective. For example, Arabic generally follows the verb- subject structure. In English, however, the general structure is subject-verb-object. So pinpointing such basic factors and presenting model sentences in both languages clarified their misuse of a simple sentence in English. Thus, the passivity in the beginning changed; the students suddenly got interested and active, and started to work in groups to combine many sentences on their own. I realized that using L1 for beginners was beneficial grammar because students could understand grammatical structures and practice their application gradually as their level improves. Teaching reading was basically an individual effort that depended on the students’ efforts. To improve their reading skills they were asked to read aloud simple passages to improve their reading and pronunciation of words. However, for critical thinking skills, I asked them to silently read paragraphs and then asked questions about the part they read to check their perception and understanding of the topic. In reading, I allowed them to use Arabic to express their thoughts about a topic, because if I depended on English alone the class would be unresponsive. Gradually, in two weeks time the class began to open up and feel comfortable with using English in their responses. For example, in a reading lesson after silently reading the passage, one of the students knew she understood the topic but admitted that she was shy and afraid to answer the questions in English. This phobia is a general problem in Saudi students especially beginners. There is a fear of being wrong or feeling embarrassed. So, the fact that she was allowed to start in Arabic and include some English was a comforting experience. A student for instance would respond with broken sentences: â€Å"exercise it about exercise†¦ † and form discussions with their classmates in Arabic and ask the teacher for the correct form of answering, mimic it, and in turn learn it. Hence, they initially began with participating in L1 but grew to use L2 too after a while. The most difficult part of L2 learning that many beginners face is writing. In the first writing class I started with the basics, such as brainstorming then classifying their ideas. The problem that arose was the students’ limited vocabulary. They were able to participate using L1 and began asking the words meanings and jotting them down. It was not an effective process because the class turned out to be a vocabulary lesson. So I had to change plans. The next class I assigned them to read short paragraphs and focus on the structure, sentence order, words meanings and punctuation. Then in class we worked on a similar paragraph but with mistakes and edited it together. The students enjoyed this activity and used L1 to tell me the mistakes and why it is wrong. Gradually, I encouraged them to copy the forms they took but with a different topic. For example, they took a paragraph about fishing, and I asked them to write about swimming. The students copied the exact paragraph with a few changes. They got to learn a lot gradually when they wrote a paragraph on their own. L1 was used minimally just as a comfort zone for discussing topics and explaining rules, and they did learn the basics of writing in L2 at the end. Students don’t ask each other about particular words and structures and get it much easier. In upper-intermediate group we talk in English and that’s not a problem we don’t have to explain vocabulary or grammar in Arabic. So it’s the matter of the language advancement in English. This way of teaching is much more efficient. Conclusion Whether to use native language when teaching ESL students is a matter of constant debate and when choosing education method the teacher should consider students’ background, their primary knowledge and their abilities to learning. It is known that the more differences between languages the most difficulties students are faced with. The same situation is observed with Arabic and English as languages are completely different. Nevertheless, from the very beginning I was against using Arabic in teaching English as, in such a way, I hoped to achieve the higher level of commitment and I expected students to learn faster. But education process showed that it is normal to use Arabic when teaching students with low level of English because many students simply didn’t respond to my speech and efforts to explain some rules. I see students were confused as they couldn’t understand what I expected from them. The method to focus on facial expression, not on learning words failed as well. When I decided to use Arabic minimally I saw that such encouragement appeared to be more effective in creating more comfortable atmosphere for students to express their ideas. Therefore-, I concluded that co-operative learning strategy is the best method of learning beginners. Native language can be used when explaining abstract vocabulary, explaining new grammar and ensuring that all rules are understandable.

Anton Mosimann Essays -- Biographies Bio Biography

Contents Page Page 1: Contents Page Page 2: Anton’s Early Days Page 3: The Dorchester Page 4: Mosimann`s Page 5: Outside the Kitchen Page 6: The Future of Mosimann`s Anton Mosimann celebrates his 60th Birthday Page 7: My Findings Page 8: Picture of Mosimann`s Page 9: Research and References Let me begin my presentation with Anton Mosimann’s philosophy: "Nothing comes solely by chance". Chicken should taste like chicken and fish like fish. That's vital. So many people try to overpower good produce. Keep it simple. Our profession is one where you must give and be happy with it." Anton’s Early Days Anton Mosimann was born on February 23, 1947, the only child of Swiss restaurateurs in the Jura Mountains. He begins his book â€Å"The Essential Mosimann† with this lovely childhood memory, â€Å"I can still remember, as clearly as if it were only yesterday the sweet smell of dark, sugared fruit bubbling in the heavy copper preserving pan. My mother loved making jams and jellies and on these days the fragrance would fill the whole house, moving in a warm, fruity and sweet steam from the restaurants kitchen to our flat upstairs† Anton Mosimann spent his early years in Nidau, near Biel helping his parents run their own restaurant where he developed both a love for food and a desire to become a cook. The first taste he clearly remembers is that of Emmental cheese. "It was so tasty and so different from my previous food of vegetables and cereals." Anton learned from an early age that there is noting more satisfying for a chef than seeing a stack of empty plates after a good meal. When Anton was fifteen he received an unexpected call from the nearby Hotel Baeren i... ... emailed back a standard email which gave links to the website plus a copy of the July to October issue of Mosimann`s Newsletter, which I have included below. Books Mosimann, Anton, 1993, The Essential Mosimann, Ebury Press, London. Internet Global Chefs, 2007, Anton Mosimann, [online], http://www.globalchefs.com/chef/archive/chef023mosBio.htm, 21 October 2007. Mosimann`s, 2007, Mosimann`s Passion for Excellence, [online], http://www.mosimann.com/index.shtml, 21 October 2007. The Sunday Independent, 2007, Master Chef Turns 60, [online], http://www.independent.co.uk/living/food_and_drink/features/article2297913.ece, 21 October 2007. Swiss Info, 2007, Dial M for Good Taste in London, [online], http://www.swissinfo.org/eng/In depth/detail/, 21 October 2007. Waitrose, 2007, Products Available, [online], http://www.waitrose.com, 21 October 2007

The Internet. Essay -- Design and Technology

The Internet. The Development of the Internet The Internet had started as a research project that was funded by the US Military. There were only three computers that were linked up to this network at this time. After 1969 a total of four computers were linked to this network, but nowadays there are billions. To link onto the internet everybody had a dial up connection which was a connection through your telephone line, when you wanted to go onto the internet a analogue signal would have been sent to your telephone provider and you would have been billed by them according to what your pay package was. The disadvantage of this was that you couldn’t accept telephone calls that were being made to your phone numbers but now the latest technology allows telephone calls to be accepted regardless if you are on the internet and now a new digital signal is being used instead of the old analogue one. Before simple information was displayed on the internet for example reviews and news and membership clubs were common, but now anything can be found on the internet. The internet also has a long way to go before it is 100% safe in the future; internet developers are working on improving the search engines, privacy and the security of the internet. Spam Spam is the name given to unwanted e-mails. This could be things advertising new products, or get rich prize draws, credit schemes and pornography. Spam can cost businesses as much as a couple of million pounds to send out computers. Spam can be sent to home computers as well as business computers. Businesses try to filter Spam by using blockers but these attempts may fail, because Spam is sent out in its millions this can clog up the internet network causing computers to rum slow or even crash. E-mail E-mail is short for electronic mail. E-mail is not only for fun but plays a large part in effective communication between major businesses. Almost everybody connected on the internet has an e-mail account. Accounts are free and can be achieved by singing up with companies such as yahoo, AOL and hotmail. Due to e-mail accounts being free storage space is limited. If you wish to have more storage space to keep more e-mails then the providers of your account offer you the chance to purchase a bigger account at a small price which you normally have to pay each month. Depending on ... ... should only contain material that is relevant and suitable for them. Ø Any pages that are likely to offend people should have a warning on them e.g. racist pages. Ø Links should not connect people to inappropriate sites when they are unaware of it. Ø People should not send Spam Ø Adverts on the internet should be true and not just joking about Ø If it is a purchasing site any extra cost such as VAT should clearly be shown Ø The advertisers name should be shown clearly Ø Information on web sites should not encourage illegal acts Ø Private data can’t be shown without the person knowing about it. Conclusion Overall the internet is a fast way to obtain information from a lot of different sources it is a good time killer if you are bored as it has billions and billions of different websites to explore. The internet is also a good way of advertising and selling and equally purchasing items. Although there are many draw backs the internet has more advantages than disadvantages. The fact that there are billions of people connected to the internet opposed to four computers when it was first set up means that it must be a good place to visit.

Flipkart Report

INTRODUCTION E-COMMERCE E-commerce is short for electronic commerce. It is the business over internet involving buying and selling of  products/services. E-commerce makes use of payment gateways for online transactions. It requires excellent supply chain management, online transaction processing, logistics strategies and control, inventory management systems and many other automated softwares and database collection systems. WEB-BASED E-COMMERCE ARCHITECTURE E-COMMERCE INFRASTRUCTURE * Information infrastructure * Internet, LAN, WAN, routers, etc. Telecom cable TV, wireless, etc. * Messaging and information distribution infrastructure. * HTML, XML, e-mail, HTTP, etc. * Common business infrastructure * Security, authentication, electronic payment, directories, catalogues, etc. * The Internet * System of interconnected networks that spans the globe * Routers, TCP/IP, firewalls, network infrastructure. network protocols * The world Wide web (www) * Part of the Internet and allows user s to share information with an easy-to-use interface * Web browsers, web servers, HTTP, HTML Web architecture * Client/server model * N-tier architecture; e. g. , web servers, application servers, database servers, scalability THE PROCESS OF E-COMMERCE * Attract customers * Advertising and marketing * Interact with customers * Catalogue, negotiation * Handle and manage orders * Order capture * Payment * Transaction * Fulfilment (physical good, service good, digital good) * React to Customer Enquiries * Customer service * Order tracking E-COMMERCE IN INDIAE-commerce in India is still nascent, but it is important for developing countries like India. The opportunities for E-commerce players are many due to rapid urbanisation and rising literacy rates and rapidly growing internet user population, advances in technology, growing adoption of computers, introduction of 3G and falling net access costs. The Internet and Mobile Association of India (IMAI) estimated that India's E-commerce mar ket is growing 70% every year and 500% since 2007. Transactions In $ MillionsSegment-wise share in e-commerce market 2012 ABOUT FLIPKART Flipkart is an India based e-commerce company which belongs to the e-tailing (electronic retailing) sector. It is head-quartered at Bangalore and it initiated its operations in 2007. Flipkart was launched by a couple of young, enthusiastic friends, Sachin Bansal and Binny Bansal, who grew up together and studied at the prestigious IIT-Delhi, as an online retailing venture with the objective of making books accessible to individuals living in the all the parts of India.Sachin and Binny used to work for Amazon, which has a similar kind of business before quitting and opening up this new venture. Initially they used to sell just books on Flipkart and relied mainly on ‘word of mouth’ for promotions. But in 2010, they started selling CDs, DVDs, Mobile phones and accessories, cameras, computers and in 2011 stationery, home appliances, person al care items and health care products. It has now revenue of Rs. 500 crore within a span of just five years making t one of the largest e-commerce companies in India. The core value of Flipkart is strong focus on customer service. The major goal of the company is to provide its customers with an ultimate online shopping experience and for this they use many innovative policies like a 30-day replacement policy, EMI options, Cash on Delivery, free shipping, discounted rates, pre-paid online wallet and most important timely delivery  of all the products. This requires an extensive supply chain and logistics and distribution network.A network of over 500 distributors have been established by the company and it keeps only those items for which orders are placed frequently by the customers and the items that are rarely ordered are almost always sourced from the suppliers when such an order is received from the customers. The company owns four offices in each metro city with a combined strength of more than five hundred employees. Fifteen courier companies such as Blue Dart, DHL etc. have been engaged to deliver the products and also Indian Post where courier service is not available.Warehouses are there in seven cities including metros. One can track the order right from ordering an item to delivery. One can even pre-order an unreleased book from the website and that too on attractive prices and on top of that there is excellent customer service. Customer satisfaction, amazing customer experience and the discounted rates of items are the key factors that work in the favour of Flipkart. The company has a stock of nearly 12 million books making it the largest book retailer in India and it has eighty per cent share of the online book market in India.Access to internet, increasing number of iPads, smart phones, latest technology that gives 3D images of products, time constraint consumers and increasing real estate costs required for offline stores have lead to a shif t to e-commerce businesses especially to online retail stores. According to a survey done by Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India, the online retail market in India may grow from Rs 20 billion in 2011 to Rs 70 billion by 2015 as internet access improves. INNOVATIVE SERVICES LAUNCHED BY FLIPKART PREPAID WALLET FEATURE * As a general wallet that is used to store cash in it and allows a person to purchase and enjoy products or services equivalent to the cash amount in it, Flipkart has adopted a prepaid wallet service to its e-commerce website platform that provides customers with an opportunity to store and keep money on the website and consume it to purchase different products, without the need to take out their debit cards or credit cards or net-banking for each and every transaction.   The purpose of a prepaid Wallet is to make online transactions easier and more secure for the customers as they will be spared from the hassle of taking out their credit card or deb it card or net banking details each and every time they want to buy a product. Customers can fill their Online Wallets with up to Rs 10,000 by using any of the general payment methods like credit card, debit card and net-banking and then can consume it over multiple transactions. There is no expiry date for the wallet and the cash stored in it can always be refunded back to the source using which payment was made. Flipkart. com has included wallet service in its e-commerce structure keeping in mind the ease and convenience of their regular customers – those who make transactions multiple times during the month, and particularly when individual transactions are comprised of many small payments. Wallet allows the customers to make the payment just once and still involve in multiple transactions. This also makes sure that customers would not have to go through the bank payment verification processes each time they purchase something using the Flipkart. com.The wallet helps in cu tting down the issues with payment gateway too. * Also by including the innovative prepaid e-wallet, the aim of the Flipkart is to shorten the duration of the order processes that would certainly make the online shopping much simpler, faster and totally trouble free experience for their customers. * CASH ON DELIVERY * Flipkart launched the Cash on Delivery services for the customers who do not prefer to make an online payment. Using this payment mode, customers have to pay only when they receive the ordered item at their doorstep without any making any sort of advanced payment to Flipkart.Payment mode for this is strictly cash and the currency used can only be Indian Rupees. No discount coupons or e-vouchers can be availed while using this mode of payment. * India is a cash- driven economy with plastic cards penetration as low as 3% as of 2012. Also the existing payment gateways and infrastructure are not in such good condition and a noticeable amount of transactions fail. Also peop le in India still perceive high risks in using credit/debit cards online and thus in online transactions. All these reasons led to Flipkart adopting such a mode of payment.But the most important reason was because it was the demand of customers and since Flipkart has the maximum focus on customer satisfaction, they went ahead and adopted Cash-on-delivery mode of payment. * Important factors while adopting Cash-on-delivery model are that they have to deliver good products in good condition because if a product is not in good condition, customer cannot be expected to make the payment. They have to have their own collection and delivery network as they can’t rely on a third person to collect cash for expensive items and give it to them.They need to have strong and consistent operations and they need to make timely delivery because if they fail to do so, a customer is already lost for them for future. They also need to maintain customer relationships and respect customers so as t o maintain long-term profitability from the customers. * Cash-on-delivery model has increased the sales of the company by great margins and Cash-on-delivery has become the most used mode of payment. But there as many downsides of using this model. Rejection rate of the products delivered through this model is as high as almost thirty per cent.Though this is lower than other Cash-on-delivery players, still it is too much. Generally the company has to incur Rs. 35-70 for every transaction involving cash-on-delivery, but the cost could reach as high as Rs. 100 in case there is rejection or if multiple trips are needed to deliver the order. Whereas when the transaction is carried out using credit/debit cards or net-banking, only 1-2 per cent of the transaction total value is taken by the online payment partner as service fee. Therefore until and unless the transaction value is high enough, cash-on-delivery model cuts down the retailer’s margins by high values.Also cash-on-deliver y model tends to block the working capital that could have been better used for expansion and growth. * REPLACEMENT POLICY * Flipkart provides a thirty day replacement policy for every product purchased from its website. Defects in any product can be highlighted by customers at the time of delivery or within thirty days from the date of delivery. No cost is charged for replacing the defected product. * Main objective of this policy is related to the core value of the company – customer satisfaction.This policy makes customers feel much more secure about purchasing items online and helps build the company a strong trust with its customer base. PAYMENT GATEWAY OF FLIPKART Flipkart provides its customers with a hundred per cent safe transaction experience. Credit card payments are processed through the HDFC Bank payment gateway, as well as payment gateways (E Billing Systems/cc Avenue) that interface with various banks. The latest encryption technology is being used by HDFC bank to protect each customer’s credit card information.So as to hide the information while information travels over the internet, it encrypts one’s credit card number. HDFC also asks you to enter the three digit CVV (Credit Verification Value) number which follows credit card number and is given at the back of the card so as to make sure that the person carrying the transaction has the physical plastic card. Flipkart’s main focus is on customer satisfaction and in this case also Flipkart. com offers the security of highest standards so as to ensure that the shopping experience of each customer is private, safe and secure.Flipkart. com does not collect or store customer’s account information at all. Authorization of transaction takes place at multiple points, first by HDFC and subsequently by Visa/MasterCard/AMEX secure directly without any information passing through them. Payment Options * Flipkart accepts all MasterCard, Visa credit cards and AMEX. * Flipk art do not accept any international credit cards on Flipkart. com at this stage. * Apart from Credit and Debit Cards, payments are accepted by Flipkart by Internet Banking, Cash-on-Delivery and Equated Monthly Instalments (EMI).All Credit/Debit card details remain confidential and private. SSL encryption technology is used by Flipkart and their trusted payment gateways so as to protect the customer’s card information. SSL encryption technology Netscape developed a protocol Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) for moving the private documents over the Internet. A cryptographic system is being used by SSL that uses two keys to encrypt data ? a public key that is known to everyone and a private or secret key which is known only to the recipient of the message.Many Web sites use the SSL protocol to obtain and protect confidential user’s personal information, such as credit card number. URLs that use SSL connection have to start with https instead of http which is nothing but Secure HTTP. But both SSL and S-HTTP have different uses. Where a secure connection between a client and a server is created by SSL, over which unlimited amount of data can be sent securely, individual messages are transmitted securely using S-HTTP. SSL and S-HTTP are therefore complementary rather than competing technologies. DIFFERENT METHODS ADOPTED BY FLIPKART Auto redirection to banking site: Customers are automatically redirected to the page of respective banks where the information is required to be filled. Thus Flipkart never lands you on CC Avenue page unlike most other ecommerce sites. Hence Flipkart skips an unnecessary page by passing the needed parameters directly to CC Avenue. * Banks Status: Flipkart maintains its own real time status to check whether the net banking service of particular bank is working. So the customers come to know about a problem prior to entering that bank’s website.ONLINE PAYMENT PROCESSING SERVICES CC Avenue 1) Uses secure servers throughout an d adopt stringent security measures to ensure that sensitive information such as customers’ personal details is protected. 2) Customers enter all their personal information and Credit Card details on ICICI’s E-Payments (Payseal) and Citibank’s secure servers and the same is encrypted before it is transmitted over the Internet to the Acquiring Banks. 3) Additionally CC Avenue’s server is behind security firewalls to ensure maximum protection of your customer’s information. EBS (E-BILLING SOLUTIONS)For better encryption of data, it uses seven architecture model which helps in protecting the client information. High-tech Axis, HDFC and Citibank’s secure servers are used to authorize all credit card transactions and the same is encrypted before it is transmitted over the Internet to the Acquiring Banks. To ensure maximum protection of customer’s information, EBS servers are also behind the security firewalls. This guarantees that the buye r’s information is not available to any third party. EBS makes use of the best amongst the industry standards – the VeriSign technology, which ensures the complete security of the data.A/B FRAMEWORK – UNIQUE FRAMEWORK USED BY FLIPKART The framework has two components: Through the first one the performance of the website is measured using various metrics which are pre-defined. The second one uses an A/B framework that allows different versions of the website to be available simultaneously which is used to check the success of the advertising campaigns over the website. Thus the company conducts live and real experiments by diverting a small portion of the traffic and studying the results. Both components work together and simultaneously.The website’s performance on various parameters is measured by the metrics tool which is kind of a dashboard. For example, systems are immediately warned in case the transaction rate goes down below a certain limit. Flipkar t’s engineers can also rapidly implement and check their ideas using the A/B component. When someone proposes a new idea, a lot of precious time is spent debating what-if scenarios. Using this framework an idea can be implemented while mitigating  its risks. For example, the A/B framework redirects ten per cent of the Flipkart’s traffic to the new design/idea whenever an engineer changes the design of any page.Through this they can evaluate and analyze the effect of the changes using the metrics tool for collection. If it does not lead to any productive result, they can immediately change it back, and only less than ten per cent of traffic is impacted. The Benefits Since the tool has been introduced sometime around mid-2010, Flipkart now sells more than twenty types of products, taking the sales up to Rs 75 crore a month. In fact, during the last eight quarters, Flipkart has been able to double its revenue each quarter.

Michelangelos Life essays

Michelangelo's Life essays If one were to be asked if Michelangelos life affected his work, I would have to say yes and that would be saying it in the least. All of Michelangelos work was based on his life from childhood up to six days before his death. Michelangelo Buonarroti was born on March 6, 1475 in the village of Caprese, Italy, where his father was serving as a magistrate of the Florentine Republic. Michelangelo briefly attended grammar school managed by Francesco da Urbino but he spent most of his time drawing or sketching. It was something he couldnt live without, but brought him frequent scolding and even beatings by his father who considered drawing and fine arts to be a waste of time that brought no money or honor to his family. Little did his father know that in time Michelangelo would become one of the most important artists of the Italian Renaissance. At thirteen Michelangelo was apprenticed to Dominico Ghirlanaio, the leading fresco (wall) painter in Florence. Michelangelo remained only one year: it was Ghirlandaio himself who sent him to the Medici Gardens Art School that Lorenzo the magnificent had founded in Florence for young artists and sculptures. During this first year at the Medici Gardens, the young Buonarroti developed his innate quality by studying the ancient masterpieces, sketching, drawing and fashioning clay models after the works of Donatello and Masaccio. It is believed that during this period he carved two bas-reliefs: one depicting the Battle of Centaurs a subject taken from Greek mythology in the style of the Old Masters the second one Madonna on the Stairs is a flattened relief derived from Donatello. The Madonna of the steps is one of his earliest sculptures in which he tackles a subject to which he would return several times: the Virgin Mary and the Christ Child, with the mother already touched by a foreboding that her son is destined ...

Free Essays on Green Is The Colour

A critic has made the following observation about Fernando’s Green is the Colour: Clearly, the central concern (of the novel) is how people of different races, the heirs of colonial and migrant histories, face the challenges of living side by side.† Does this comment function, for you, as an adequate summation of the novel’s thematic concerns? In Fernando’s Green is the Colour, there is no doubt that the central concern is about how people of different races face the challenges of living side by side. However, besides this, readers should also look beyond this central concern to unearth Fernando’s other concerns regarding the country’s future from various aspects. Although this novel was written in the setting of post 13 May 1969, its thematic concerns are also applicable to the Malaysian society of today. As long as Malaysia has not achieved true success in the formation of a common â€Å"Bangsa Malaysia† identity, the issues grappled by Fernando in this story will remain relevant to the Malaysians. In this novel, Fernando brings out the problems that plague the three main races at that period of time. To Fernando, it is important to address the problems that all races are facing if we want to achieve a Malaysia that is united from every aspect. It is also Fernando’s intention to highlight these issues as he wants his readers of different races to understand the situation and also the plight of their fellow Malaysians who are of different backgrounds. Even for Malaysians of today, it would be good to understand the history of each other’s culture, so that better understanding among each other could be forged to open the way up for Fernando’s dialogic vision for the nation, which according to Mohammad A. Quayum in â€Å"Shaping a New Destiny with Dialogic Vision†, â€Å"accommodates widely different outlooks for the sake of promoting fellowship and peace† (169). Through this novel, Fernando highlights the probl... Free Essays on Green Is The Colour Free Essays on Green Is The Colour A critic has made the following observation about Fernando’s Green is the Colour: Clearly, the central concern (of the novel) is how people of different races, the heirs of colonial and migrant histories, face the challenges of living side by side.† Does this comment function, for you, as an adequate summation of the novel’s thematic concerns? In Fernando’s Green is the Colour, there is no doubt that the central concern is about how people of different races face the challenges of living side by side. However, besides this, readers should also look beyond this central concern to unearth Fernando’s other concerns regarding the country’s future from various aspects. Although this novel was written in the setting of post 13 May 1969, its thematic concerns are also applicable to the Malaysian society of today. As long as Malaysia has not achieved true success in the formation of a common â€Å"Bangsa Malaysia† identity, the issues grappled by Fernando in this story will remain relevant to the Malaysians. In this novel, Fernando brings out the problems that plague the three main races at that period of time. To Fernando, it is important to address the problems that all races are facing if we want to achieve a Malaysia that is united from every aspect. It is also Fernando’s intention to highlight these issues as he wants his readers of different races to understand the situation and also the plight of their fellow Malaysians who are of different backgrounds. Even for Malaysians of today, it would be good to understand the history of each other’s culture, so that better understanding among each other could be forged to open the way up for Fernando’s dialogic vision for the nation, which according to Mohammad A. Quayum in â€Å"Shaping a New Destiny with Dialogic Vision†, â€Å"accommodates widely different outlooks for the sake of promoting fellowship and peace† (169). Through this novel, Fernando highlights the probl...

Ethical Dilemma the Husbands Right to Confidential Treatment

Ethical Dilemma the Husbands Right to Confidential Treatment This case relates to a HIV positive man, who does not want to inform the wife that he is infected. The man only recently discovered his status after having sex with a woman in a foreign country. In his words, he suspected that he had â€Å"picked up something†. The man does not want the issue to come up with his wife because he feels that their marriage has enough problems as it is.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Ethical Dilemma: the Husband’s Right to Confidential Treatment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More He has threatened to sue for breach of confidentiality if his wife learns about his HIV status from the hospital. The complication with this situation arises from the fact that the wife is a patient in the same hospital; hence, there is likelihood that she will come for treatment in the same hospital. The ethical dilemma arising from this case is that by applying the Australian Physiotherapists Association (APA) ethical principles, one party benefits, while the other party suffer. The four ethical principles require a practitioner to respect the autonomy of the individual, cause no harm, advance common good, and to act fairly.(1) The ethical principle requiring the respect of the autonomy of the individual can mean that the autonomy of the husband is distinct from that of the wife from. However, there is no easy way to respect the autonomy of each one of them without breach of confidence. Telling the wife of the husband’s status interferes with the husband’s right to confidential treatment. However, keeping quiet with information is likely to cause harm to the wife. In this situation, the common good to strive for is to control the spread of the HIV infection by giving the wife an opportunity to plan for her protection. This assumes that she needs to know the situation hence someone must tell her first if common good will prevail. However, this means that th ere will be breach of the husband’s confidence. In addition, the requirement to act fairly also makes it impossible to keep quite with the information, yet talking about it also requires overlooking the desire of the husband. The reason why there is an ethical dilemma in this case is the consequences arising from either taking action or failing to take action. (2) In one case, talking about the situation may potentially break a marriage, which in itself is a very serious consequence. On the other hand, not talking about it puts an innocent person at risk of infection by HIV, which is also a very serious situation. This is the basic reason why there is an ethical dilemma. There is no clear way out, but a risk in both options. There is a serious legal risk coming from talking to the wife about the husband’s condition. The husband has the option of suing for breach of confidentiality because he is an individual, hence discussing his medical condition with another person m akes it breach of confidence. (3) However, the wife can also sue for malpractice because it will be negligence not to tell her that she is under considerable risk of HIV infection. So means that whatever action taken under the current condition will have potential legal implications.Advertising Looking for case study on ethics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Under the APA code, there relevant ethical principles that should aid in getting a solution to this case include the following: patient autonomy, confidentiality, provision of information, best interests, avoid/limit harms, competence, and duties to the patient, to colleagues, to oneself, to others (1). Some of them are at variance because upholding them for the husband interferes with the benefits the wife should derive from them, and vice versa. It makes the case very difficult to deal with. In order to find a solution, there are two potential approaches. The first approach arises from the possibility that the husband remains adamant and refuses to change his mind about the situation. It will require a difficult ethical evaluation to determine the best cause of action. The second situation would be to pursue the possibility that the husband may change his mind and let the wife know about his HIV status. In the first case, the principles at variance are the need to maintain the husband’s confidence versus the need to do no harm. (4) Keeping the husband’s confidence puts the wife in harm’s way. The greater good in this situation is to let the wife know because she is at a disadvantage in this situation. The legal issues aside, there is a greater need for the wife to know what is going on than there is to keep the confidence of the husband. HIV is life changing, and has wide-ranging consequences, including life expectancy. Since there is likely to be a legal challenge in either case, it is then not a strong reason to ke ep the situation quite. However, it is better to involve the husband in the process. As he pointed out, the marriage has enough problems as it is. However, his response at the time may have been because of learning about his HIV status. It is possible that he was shocked by the news, hence the reaction. Talking to him later, within reasonable time, may yield a more favorable response because he will have a better frame of mind to look at the benefits of letting his wife know. Bibliography 1. Australian Physiotherapy Association. Code of conduct. ; 2001. 2. Braunack-Mayer AJ. What makes a problem an ethical problem? an emperical perspective on the nature of ethical problems in general practice. Journal of Medical Ethics. 2001; 27. 3. Rogers WA, Braunack-Mayer AJ. Practical ethic for general practice. New York: Oxford University Press; 2004. 4. Chater K, Tsai CTT. Palliative care in a multicultural society: a challenge for western ethics. Australian Journal of Advanced Nursin g. 2008 January; 26(2).

Compare and contrast the concepts of Leadership and Power. Draw Essay

Compare and contrast the concepts of Leadership and Power. Draw comparisons between French and Ravens (1959) Bases of Power, expansions of the bases, and a - Essay Example The capacity for individual and organizational transformation must be accompanied by moral responsibility, for transformational leaders shape powerful social and institutional cultures, which may either, be liberating or oppressive. Sources of Interpersonal Power may be 1) Expert -- based on knowledge and expertise, 2) Referent -- extent to which subordinate likes or identifies with supervisor, 3) Legitimate -- job title, 4) Reward -- ability to reward subordinates and 5) Coercive -- ability to punish subordinates.5 While Sources of Political Power (Yukl, 1989)6, Control over decision processes, 2) Forming coalitions, 3) Co-optation, and 4) Gaining influence in large organizations likely to be more a matter of political power than individual power. While t leader-member relations, task structure, and position power to deal with situation, determines the best kind of leader.

Rhetoric and Stereotypes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Rhetoric and Stereotypes - Essay Example Starting with politicians, it should be mentioned that in the book Critical Thinking (8th edition) by B. N. Moore and R. Parker, all the interesting and humorous political references were Republicans or conservatives. Stereotypes associated with politicians are frequent cheating and lying. Politicians often use proverbs in their rhetoric to illustrate the positive qualities of their ideas and to lend authority and expressiveness to speeches and writing (Mieder, 1997). For instance, Adolf Hitler used proverbs in his infamous treatise Mein Kampf. Hitler outlined the goals of National Socialism through proverbs and especially used proverbial expressions when he spoke out against Jews and Communists, picking up phrases from the Bible and religious traditions to illustrate complete hate and anger against many social groups. Winston Churchill read Mein Kampf in translation and saw through Hitler’s use of proverbs into the heart of evil. Churchill turned the tables on Hitler’s rhetoric and used proverbs himself to raise emotions among the Allies. In many of his famous speeches, Churchill used proverbs to sway his listeners to action (Mieder, 1997, pp. 5-6). Politicians learn early in their careers to use the powers of rhetoric to convince people emotionally and spiritually so they can get their ideas implemented. The next group this essay surveys is tattooed persons. At first it should be mentioned that the tattooing is an art and as such – a language by itself. So the tattooed person’s rhetoric is one extra step removed from spoken language and the tattoos are often hidden. Tattooed persons are rather talked about, not talking themselves (except through the language of art). One of the most frequent questions that a tattooed person hears, right after â€Å"Did that hurt?† is the question â€Å"Why did you do it?† This is a question that has as many answers as there are tattoos

Merck Pharmaceutical Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Merck Pharmaceutical Company - Essay Example Merck Pharmaceutical products are mainly therapeutic agents, for the treatment of various human and animal disorders. In fact the basic source of income for the company comes from the revenues derived from the filling and management of prescriptions and health management programs (Banks, 2001). Merck & Co., Inc. is also known as Merck Sharp & Dohme or MSD outside the USA and Canada, with the headquarters of the company located in Whitehouse Station, New Jersey and was established as the United States subsidiary of the German company which is currently known as Merck KGaA. Similar to the German assets in the United States, Merck & Co. was expropriated in 1917 during the First World War and set up as an independent company. In fact statistics and data suggest that this company is presently one of the seven largest pharmaceutical companies in the world both by market capitalization and revenue. Merck & Co. or MSD is also known as a global research-driven pharmaceutical company. It discovers, develops, manufactures and markets a broad range of unique products to improve human and animal health. Each and every organization requires leadership because all of them are affected by their contexts, philosophies, governance structures, value systems, and the legal ground rules under which they operate. These are the forces and factors that control their leadership needs. When it comes to community or social responsibility, it is said that the Merck Company Foundation has distributed over $480 million to educational and non-profit organizations since it was founded in 1957. This company is also today involved in bringing out various medical publications as it publishes the "Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy" that is considered as the world's best-selling medical textbook, and the "Merck Index" which is a collection of information about chemical compounds. Over the years there are several challenges that the company has faced. For instance, Attorney General Coakley's Office filed a settlement with drug manufacturer Merck and Company, Inc. (Merck) resolving concerns about the company's misleading advertising and promotion of the "Cox-2" inhibitor drug Vioxx. This drug is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used to treat arthritis. The complaint, filed in Suffolk Superior Court, claims that Merck failed to reveal to consumers that Vioxx posed an increased risk of heart attack. The consent judgment, also filed in Suffolk Superior Court prohibited Merck from further mislead consumers in advertising for any Merck product and requires full disclosure of all known risks of Merck drugs. The complaint asserts that Merck began marketing Vioxx in May 1999 with an aggressive and deceptive promotional campaign directed at both consumers and at health care professionals. However, they hide the fact of high risks of heart problems. When promoting Vioxx directly to patients of arthritis as well as the health care professionals, Merck allegedly misrepresented the cardiovascular side effect. As a result the company's ethics were questioned and subsequently the drug was taken off from the market. In September 2004, Merck admitted that Vioxx caused serious cardiovascular events and withdrew the drug from the market. Further, when the multistate group investigated this case in December 2005, it exposed that in addition to the deceptive and misleading adverti

Goal-line Technology Design Process Technical Research Paper

Goal-line Technology Design Process Technical - Research Paper Example Different football stakeholders around the world have made the calls for the technology. These calls have intensified since 2010 in the English Premier League (EPL), recent World Cup games, and the just concluded Euro 2012. However, the calls to implement the technology started in 2000 after referee error in judging penalty shootout between Nigeria and Cameroon enabled the latter to win the Africa Cup of Nations (BBC Sport, 2012). The television replays showed that the ball completely went over the goal line after hitting the cross bar but the referee failed to award the goal. Similar errors were also reported in the EPL and the recent World Cup (Conway 2012). The notable matches that have led to intensified calls for the technology include Manchester United and Tottenham Hotspur (2005), Germany and England FIFA World Cup (2010), and Ukraine and England in Euro 2012.   Hawk-Eye Company, based in England, developed the goal-line technology. The company has offered similar services i n other games such as tennis and cricket. FIFA has adopted the use of the technology and plan to implement it during the 2014 World Cup, hosted in Japan. It is notable that several other companies are also working on developing this technology under different names. FIFA plans to use Goal Control system in 2014 World Cup while the EPL already contracted the Hawk-Eye Company to provide the service in the current season.   The goal-line technology (GLT) is aimed at assisting match officials in making decisions. on when to award or deny goals in cases when it is not very clear whether the ball has crossed the goal line (FIFA 2012). The technology provides information in relation to whether the ball has completely gone over the goal line. Match officials use the information to make their final decisions. The societal need the technology seeks to serve is therefore to eliminate the errors that referees make while officiating matches (FIFA 2012). Awarding a goal wrongly to one team rema ins the greatest injustice in competitive football matches. In addition, refusing to award another team a goal when the ball has completely passed the goal line also hinders the chances of such teams from winning the games and this is a great unfairness to the team and players. The Goal-line Technology Product Design and Operation The Hawk-Eye Company created their first technology in the year 1999. The company has continued to improve the product over the years through testing and application. The company has experience in developing the technology as it has created similar ones for tennis and cricket games. The technology is founded on triangulation principles (FIFA 2012). It integrates pictorial images and timing statistics. The technology uses high speed video cameras put at different locations around the field of play. However, most of the cameras are normally located near the goal. The technology integrates high frame rate cameras, which triangulate and follows the trajectory of the ball. It has software, which also calculates the location of the ball (FIFA 2012). The software does this through pinpointing the

Animal rights Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Animal rights - Research Paper Example In order to save time and digest quickly, fast food intake can be seen more around the globe and thus animals are utilized to fulfill the hunger of humans. Farming and upbringing of animals is increase but there are various unnatural techniques applied to have rapid growth. Even killings of infant animals are also observed just to make sure that food supplies remain intact. Wildlife is also affected due to deforestation and killings of animals brutally. This scenario is certainly creating immense problems for animals as their rights are violated immensely. This research paper will demonstrate that in which sectors particularly the violation of animal rights is enlarged, the outcomes of this brutality and its impact on the environment. Presentation of case along with the analysts’ reviews and recommendations will be covered to make this research paper strong and powerful. Technological advancements have lead to the usage of machine power more than the man power. Similarly previously animals were also utilized as a labor force so that workload would be distributed. Animals were the main source of carrying luggage, transportation of goods and domestic traveling. Machineries have replaced the work of animals now and human’s role also has been decreased. Now the purpose of animals usually in industries is for productivity. Farms have been established by the industrialists where animals are kept so that productivity measures can be taken through their generation (Singer, 2005). The industrialization revolution has certainly decreased the value of both animals and men. Animals were kept with great care and affection pre-industrialization so that everyday processing would be made easy and quick. Before the evolution of substantial machinery, animals hold an eminent place in the industries, where they were employed to for the luggage purpose primarily. After the revolutionary machinery inception, animals rights started to violate

Goal-line Technology Design Process Technical Research Paper

Goal-line Technology Design Process Technical - Research Paper Example Different football stakeholders around the world have made the calls for the technology. These calls have intensified since 2010 in the English Premier League (EPL), recent World Cup games, and the just concluded Euro 2012. However, the calls to implement the technology started in 2000 after referee error in judging penalty shootout between Nigeria and Cameroon enabled the latter to win the Africa Cup of Nations (BBC Sport, 2012). The television replays showed that the ball completely went over the goal line after hitting the cross bar but the referee failed to award the goal. Similar errors were also reported in the EPL and the recent World Cup (Conway 2012). The notable matches that have led to intensified calls for the technology include Manchester United and Tottenham Hotspur (2005), Germany and England FIFA World Cup (2010), and Ukraine and England in Euro 2012.   Hawk-Eye Company, based in England, developed the goal-line technology. The company has offered similar services i n other games such as tennis and cricket. FIFA has adopted the use of the technology and plan to implement it during the 2014 World Cup, hosted in Japan. It is notable that several other companies are also working on developing this technology under different names. FIFA plans to use Goal Control system in 2014 World Cup while the EPL already contracted the Hawk-Eye Company to provide the service in the current season.   The goal-line technology (GLT) is aimed at assisting match officials in making decisions. on when to award or deny goals in cases when it is not very clear whether the ball has crossed the goal line (FIFA 2012). The technology provides information in relation to whether the ball has completely gone over the goal line. Match officials use the information to make their final decisions. The societal need the technology seeks to serve is therefore to eliminate the errors that referees make while officiating matches (FIFA 2012). Awarding a goal wrongly to one team rema ins the greatest injustice in competitive football matches. In addition, refusing to award another team a goal when the ball has completely passed the goal line also hinders the chances of such teams from winning the games and this is a great unfairness to the team and players. The Goal-line Technology Product Design and Operation The Hawk-Eye Company created their first technology in the year 1999. The company has continued to improve the product over the years through testing and application. The company has experience in developing the technology as it has created similar ones for tennis and cricket games. The technology is founded on triangulation principles (FIFA 2012). It integrates pictorial images and timing statistics. The technology uses high speed video cameras put at different locations around the field of play. However, most of the cameras are normally located near the goal. The technology integrates high frame rate cameras, which triangulate and follows the trajectory of the ball. It has software, which also calculates the location of the ball (FIFA 2012). The software does this through pinpointing the

Civil Rights Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Civil Rights Paper - Essay Example First-hand accounts of the Civil Rights Movement are common. They provide a superb window into the United States of the time. One of the things that make America such a strange country is that it was founded as a beacon of liberty, and was indeed the freest country in the world for much of the 18th and 19th centuries—if you were white. The flip side was that millions of Americans were slaves—treated like objects or animals. How could this dichotomy exist during this time in American history? The answer is that it could not continue to exist—it would be destroyed by the Civil War. While many Americans lament the loss of life during the Civil War and the destruction wrought by the dispute, the truth is that there was a glorious side to the War. It set millions of people free. One of the great predictors of this was John Quincy Adams. He was a president in the 1820s and died before the war began. Nevertheless, his first-hand account of what slavery meant to the Unit ed States is a very important aspect of our understanding of the United States at this time. In his memoirs he wrote: If slavery be the destined sword of the hand of the destroying angel which is to sever the ties of this Union, the same sword will cut in sunder the bonds of slavery itself. A dissolution of the Union for the cause of slavery would be followed by a servile war in the slave-holding States, combined with a war between the two severed portions of the Union. It seems to me that its result might be the extirpation of slavery from this whole continent; and, calamitous and desolating as this course of events in its progress must be, so glorious would be its final issue, that, as God shall judge me, I dare not say that it is not to be desired (Haysville). An account such as this one really breathes new life into our understanding of the precursor to Civil Rights Movement. In his memoir, Adams shows us just what America should be and what a cancer slavery and racism truly are . Without this kind of language it would be hard to grasp the full dimensions of the conflict that would come—both the Civil War and the Civil Rights Movement. Flash forward to the 1960s. A hundred years have passed since the slaves were emancipated and yet little has truly changed. African Americans cannot vote and have few rights. Something must be done about this situation. And so the Civil Rights movement was born. This was a gathering of millions of Americans who believed that the promise of American has not yet been fulfilled. They came from all backgrounds and races and they all believed in the worth of their country and themselves. They believed that America should truly be a beacon for freedom. Their leader was Martin Luther King Jr., a man whose speeches and writings provide an excellent view of this incredible historical movement. Few men left us much of a mark on the movement as Martin Luther King Jr. King Jr. is famously known today as a great speaker, but his wo rds are more than great rhetoric, they are a depiction of a whole era and the soul of the movement. We understand from just a few sentences what the Movement means to the country, when in a Birmingham jail, King says: You deplore the demonstrations taking place in Birmingham. But

Teaching Vocabulary Using Original Video and Sound Effects to Young Learner Essay Example for Free

Teaching Vocabulary Using Original Video and Sound Effects to Young Learner Essay Putu Darma Putra (2013) in his seminar says that â€Å"World is words, how nice and influence they are; appears in a dictionary. † Words are really powerful for good and evil. They can transform in the hands of someone who knows how to choose and combine them. As we know, English as an international language has an important role in dealing with the world. For dealing with the world we need to deliver our thought by using words or vocabularies. We can imagine how powerful vocabulary is. As well known, vocabulary is the knowledge of words and word meanings. It is very necessary to teach vocabulary during English lesson. The reason why vocabulary is taught at school is because students need to improve their vocabulary to use in the real life. Students speak English in their daily life; they are speaking with other person vocabularies. If students have a small stock of vocabularies, this would be obstacles when they are talking to someone else or reading English textbook. So, it is really important to teach vocabulary intensively. There are many ways of teaching and learning vocabulary. The rules and strategies of teaching vocabulary items in the classroom should be innovative and proficient. Research shows that the key strategy to teach vocabulary effectively is by using a media that can make students are interested in the lesson. Using teaching media in teaching and learning process can motivate and develop student’s vocabulary mastery. According to Shahla Yassael (2012), teaching language skills through mechanical exercises and traditional fill-in-the-blank, true/ false, and multiple-choice assessments does not interest students as much as we expect. Almost of students get bored when they just read text book and more of them just read the words without know what the meaning of it is. Poor readers usually read less, because reading is difficult and frustrating for them. It means that their vocabularies are limited. Teachers have to know how to help and facilitate students to learn about vocabulary knowledge using useful words or vocabulary that will help them achieve or figure out meaning of the words by them selves. This means that the words frequently appear in their daily life. Teacher also should find the best strategies that useful both in the classroom and out-side of the classroom. Teaching strategies can use a media as supporting items. Teaching vocabulary using media can create a meaningful context, which can be delivering and introduce any key vocabulary that may be unfamiliar. The media that can use to teach vocabulary is using poems and favorite song. It is supported by Caroline Linse (2006) that songs and poems are an excellent way to begin or end a lesson. Teachers usually use poems and songs in the beginning of lesson to warm up students. It is better to choose an appropriate poems or songs that related to the content of the lesson. At the end of lesson, the better way to cooling down the situation after giving lesson is singing song and repeat it in different verse. It can be doing while the students are waiting the bell to ring. Songs and poems are usually use for early children education, or we call it young learner. They are easily to imagine nouns, and don’t have literacy skills. So, they only can recognize nouns. Young learners also need concrete vocabulary. It means the vocabulary that they learn should be definite and specific. They also need to repeat the words again and again in new context. Young learners are easily to feel bored during lesson, because they love to move as they sing the song. By using poems and song, they can learn the lesson in a fun way. In this case, teacher can use props or action that can make them remember the words and meaning. The props and actions are also making them know and remember the context that shows in each verse. Teacher also can change some words in the poem and favorite song lyric into a picture, so young learner can understand the meaning of the vocabulary. Here, the writer offers poems and favorite songs as a great tool in the teaching vocabulary, especially when the teacher wants to introduce new vocabulary items to the students. Teachers can use this strategy to help learners acquire vocabulary items that they see and hear. This paper is focused on the effort to solve the problems about young learners’ vocabulary mastery. One of the way to improve their vocabulary mastery effectively, actively, and creatively is by using poems and favorite songs. By using poems and favorite songs, students are able to improve their vocabularies mastery while enjoy the lesson using a fun way of learning. Using poems and favorite songs, the teacher can deliver the vocabulary knowledge using an interesting media to the students. It is expected to improve their vocabulary more easily, so they can understand the meaning of a reading text easily.

Personality Traits of a Successful Teacher

Personality Traits of a Successful Teacher When it comes to a career the skills and personality strengths required are surprisingly similar in many ways. However, each professional career has certain strengths they tend to look for. Communication and cooperation are two of the main traits required for all careers. When I found my Signature Themes I realized how they really relate to my future career, becoming an elementary teacher. When becoming a teacher there are certain personality strengths that are required and comes naturally to some people. Harmony, Consistency, Discipline, Communication and Positivity are my five signature themes. These are just a few strengths that teachers need. A few others are obviously the ability to teach, instruct, organize, make presentations and listen. These five signature themes contribute to my future goals by creating opportunities for me to move forward in life, with a lot of positive options and pathways. Positivity is a great quality for a teacher because teachers, especially elementary teachers, need to praise there students and encourage them to be the best they can be. A positive person always looks for the good in someone or a situation. In a lot of ways, Im the person who thinks of the glass being half full instead of half empty. This is an excellent trait for a teacher because students need a positive role model in their lives, and not all have the opportunity to h ave it at home. My family is very close and family oriented, they have all gone through some rough patches and have remained positive throughout everything. I think this plays a major role on me and how I conduct and live my life. My parents are very encouraging with everything and remain positive in almost every situation. I really dont think that being a positive person can have a negative effect on a anyone. Positivity is a good trait to have and it looked up upon, it is a rare trait to have and I know that my friends really appreciate that trait of mine. Positivity is the type of this that rubs off on people and most likely its there to stay. Harmony is a wonderful personality trait of a teacher! Teachers need to have the ability to see both sides of an argument, and be open to listening with an open heart to both parties. I feel that when you argue with someone you should try and keep it to the minimum, and steer them towards harmony and happiness. Teachers bring the good out in students fighting by making them talk about down-to-earth things, things which matter to everyone and they can come to a single agreement on! A teacher understands where a child comes from and theyre background. Maybe a child is brought up by arguing parents and confrontation and fighting is alright, well thats where I as a teacher would step in and come to an agreement and steer clear of debate. Again, my family influences me a lot and always encourages my sisters and I to work it out and to not argue. My mom is a horseback riding instructor and she also has many of these traits. She remains positive and never takes sides in an argument two of h er students may be having. When it comes to harmony hurting my ambitions in life, I dont see how that is possible in any situation. Harmony is a great trait to have, especially for a teacher. Not enough teachers have this trait and I think that those are the ones that everyone dislikes. Positivity and harmony go hand and hand in the teaching world. Communication was voted the number one required trait of a teacher. When you think of a teacher and classroom what is the first thing that pops into your mind? Bulletin boards, a colorful picture that draw your attention, and makes you want to read and find out more. Exactly, teacher and communication go hand and hand, they explain, describe, host, and likes to speak in front of groups of people. I am not afraid to express myself, or to let my opinion be heard. Teachers are known for bringing projects to life and to make them exciting and energetic. People respect teachers for being able to think on their toes and create things out of nowhere. I think this personality trait fits me perfectly; this is why I think I would make a great teacher in the future. In the past, I have had a very hard time with public speaking, I do not like to get in front of a large group of people and give a speech. But when it comes to kids and being very influential it doesnt bother me at all. As I getting older and more confident in my teaching ability I feel that standing up and talking all day and teaching kids valuable information will be very easy. Balance and consistency is important to any teacher. Teachers need to have the ability to not show favoritism, everyone is treated fairly in every situation. In a teachers eyes not one child is more important than any other. Rules apply to everyone equally, no matter what. In my everyday life balance and consistency is very important to me, things need to be consistent and orderly at all times. Consistency will help me with my future plans by being organized and having a known plan, keeping me on track to achieve my goals. Lastly, Discipline is a trait of teachers, and I dont mean spanking and punishing. Discipline simple means ordered and planned, or even predictable. Routines and structure are very important. Lists, short term and long term goals get you through your weeks. When children learn then need discipline, and need a structured environment where they can learn and focus. Teaching discipline to children at a young age drastically improves theyre studying and learning techniques for the rest of their lives. In my life, check lists, post-it notes and routines get me through my day. This helps me achieve deadlines and finish all of my homework on time. Children need discipline, when things are repetitive; you learn them quicker and in most cases, easier. Having discipline in your life in never a bad thing, it makes you have more respect for yourself and others around you. I know that when I achieve my goals and still have time left I feel great. Achieving goals is such a great feeling. These five personality traits are major qualities a teacher should have. All good teachers love children and have a need to improve their lives somehow. Harmony, Discipline, Consistency, Communication and positivity are just a few of my personality traits that go towards teaching and making the world a better place. In order for me to be successful in my future goals I have to be persistent and do my best in school, when it is time to do my internship in two years, and when it comes time for me to go out into the world and become an elementary school teacher and have a positive input on young childrens lives. References Do future teachers choose wisely: a study of pre-service teachers personality preference profiles | College Student Journal | Find Articles at BNET. (n.d.). Find Articles at BNET | News Articles, Magazine Back Issues Reference Articles on All Topics. Retrieved April 12, 2010, from http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0FCR/is_3_39/ai_n15384396/ McKay, D. R. (n.d.). Teacher Preschool, Elementary and Secondary School Teachers Career Information. Career Planning Career Planning Guide. Retrieved April 12, 2010, from http://careerplanning.about.com/od/occupations/p/teacher.htm ReidÂÂ  , R. K. (n.d.). StrengthsQuest. Onondaga Community College Students students.sunyocc.edu. Retrieved April 12, 2010, from http://students.sunyocc.edu/support.aspx?menu=596id=15462 Skills in jobs. (n.d.). University of Kent the UKs European university . Retrieved April 12, 2010, from http://www.kent.ac.uk/careers/sk/skillsinjobs.htm#TEACHERS

Can Skepticism Be Defended, Perhaps In A Limited Form? Essay -- essays

Can Skepticism Be Defended, Perhaps In A Limited Form? 1. Introduction This essay centres around what it means to know something is true and also why it is important to distinguish between what you know and do not or can not know. The sceptic in challenging the possibility of knowing anything challenges the basis on which all epistemology is based. It is from this attack on epistemology that the defence of scepticism is seen. 2. Strong Scepticism Strong scepticism states that it is not possible to know anything. That is we cannot have absolute knowledge of anything. This can however immediately have the reflexive argument turned on it and have the question begged of it: â€Å"If it is not possible to know anything then how is it you know that nothing is knowable ?†. Strong Scepticism is therefore unable to be defended. 3. A Definition of Knowledge Knowledge can be said to be information that the brain has received that meets a certain set of criteria. When someone states that they know something they must also believe that, that something is so. If they did not believe in it then how could they take it in as knowledge ?, they would instead be doubtful of it and look for evidence or justification as to why they should believe it. Secondly for someone to believe in something they must also believe that it is true. If they did not believe that it was true then what is mentioned above would not occur. So, so far it is decided that knowledge should be true belief. How does one come to the conclusion that something is true however ?. We seek justification. The justification really is the most important part of the criteria because without it one cannot say something is true and therefore cannot say that one believes. This does however bring up the question of how does something become justified ?, do we hear it from other people ?, see it on the news ?. The justification of something really depends on its predictability. If something becomes predictable then it can becomes justified aswell. For example, I know that the sun will rise tomorrow is a fair thing to say because I believe this is so, I believe this is true, and I am justified in believing this due to my past experience* of the predictableness of the sun rising each day. The only problem with meeting the set of criteria laid out above is that one must use one senses to do so and as shall be shown ... ...Britain: Methuen & Co. Ltd. Dancy, Jonathon (1985), An Introduction to Contemporary Epistemology, Great Britain: Basil Blackwell Ltd. Descartes, Rene (as translated by E.S. Haldane and G.R.T. Ross) (1969), The Philosophical Works of Decartes vol. I - II, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Edwards, Paul (1965), The Logic of Moral Discourse, New York: The Free Press. Gorovitz, Williams (1967), Philosophical Analysis, An Introduction to Its Language & Techniques, New York: Random House. Guthrie, W. K. C. (1971), The Sophists, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Hamlyn, D. W. (1983), The Theory of Knowledge, London: Macmillan Press. Harris, Errol (1969), Fundamentals of Philosophy - A Study of Classical Texts, U.S.A.: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc. Harrison, J. (1966-67). A Philosopher's Nightmare or The Ghost not Laid. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Vol LXVII. Hume, David (1962), A Treatise of Human Nature, Great Britain: Fontana Library. Presley, C. F. (1967), The Identity Theory of Mind, St Lucia: University of Queensland Press. van Inwagen, P. and Lowe E. (1996) . Why Is There Anything At All?. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Vol LXX.

Milgrams The Perils of Obedience Essay -- Psychology

Milgram's The Perils of Obedience Obedience is the requirement of all mutual living and is the basic element of the structure of social life. Conservative philosophers argue that society is threatened by disobedience, while humanists stress the priority of the individuals' conscience. Stanley Milgram, a Yale psychologist, designed an experiment that forced participants to either violate their conscience by obeying the immoral demands of an authority figure or to refuse those demands. Milgram's study, reported in "The Perils of Obedience" suggested that under a special set of circumstances the obedience we naturally show authority figures can transform us into agents of terror or monsters towards humanity. The experiment consists of two people that take part in a study of memory learning, one of them referred to as the "Teacher" and the other as the "Learner." The experimenter explains that the study's main goal is to observe the effect of punishment on learning. The learner will be seated in something similar to the electric chair, his arms will be strapped and an electrode will be attached to his wrist. The learner will be told that he will be tested on his ability to remember the second word of a pair when he hears the first one again. If he makes a mistake, he will then receive electric shocks of increasing intensity. The real focus of the experiment is the teacher. He will be in charge of a shock generator. The teacher does not know that the learner, supposedly the victim, is actually an actor who receives no shock whatsoever. Again this experiment is to see if the teacher proceeds with the shocks that are ordered to inflict increasing pain on a protesting victim. Milgram's first subject, Gretchen Brant showed th... ...enter. Although Bruno Batta had some difficulty understanding what to do, he after showed that he indeed appreciated help and was then willing to do what was required from the experimenter. When the learner in this case complained, Mr. Batta showed no signs of attention or disturbance whatsoever. At the end of the experiment he told the experimenter that he had been honored to be part of it. He showed no remorse. Milgram answers the question of why this problem occurred in our pasts, for example during the Holocaust, and still occurs within ourselves. The experiment unfortunately illustrates that it is easy to ignore responsibility when one is only a link in a chain of action in a multifaceted society. People feel is their duty or their job to obey an authority figure without realizing that nobody can make another individual do something they feel is not right.

Memory Management Strategies

ITCS 343 Opera-ng System Principles Memory Management Strategies Virtualizing Resources †¢? Physical Reality: Di? erent Processes/Threads share the same hardware –? Need to mul-plex CPU (Just ?nished: scheduling) –? Need to mul-plex use of Memory (Today) –? Need to mul-plex disk and devices (later in term) –? The complete working state of a process and/or kernel is de? ned by its data in memory (and registers) –? Consequently, cannot just let di? erent threads of control use the same memory –? Probably don’t want di? erent threads to even have access to each other’s memory (protec-on) †¢?Physics: two di? erent pieces of data cannot occupy the same loca-ons in memory †¢? Why worry about memory sharing? Memory Hierarchy of a Modern Computer System †¢? Take advantage of the principle of locality to: –? Present as much memory as in the cheapest technology –? Provide access at speed o? ered by the fa stest technology Processor Control Second Level Cache (SRAM) Main Memory (DRAM) Secondary Storage (Disk) Tertiary Storage (Tape) On-Chip Cache Registers 1s 100s Datapath Speed (ns): Size (bytes): 10s- ­? 100s Ks- ­? Ms 100s Ms 10,000,000s 10,000,000,000s (10s ms) (10s sec) Gs Ts Background ? Program must be brought (from disk) into memory and placed within a process for it to be run †¢? CPU can access directly to registers and main memory –? Register access in one CPU clock (or less) –? Main memory can take many cycles †¢? Cache sits between main memory and CPU registers - ­? to reduce CPU idle .me and make the available data faster to access. †¢? Protec-on of memory ensures correct opera-on –? to protect the opera. ng system from access by user processes and, –? to protect user processes from one another. –? One simple implementa. on is through base and limit registers Mul– ­? stepProcessing of a Program for Execu-on †¢? Prepara-on of a program for execu-on involves components at: †¢? Addresses can be bound to ?nal values anywhere in this path †¢? Dynamic Libraries –? Compile -me (i. e. â€Å"gcc†) –? Link/Load -me (unix â€Å"ld† does link) –? Execu-on -me (e. g. dynamic libs) –? Depends on hardware support –? Also depends on opera-ng system –? Linking postponed un-l execu-on –? Small piece of code, stub, used to locate the appropriate memory- ­? resident library rou-ne –? Stub replaces itself with the address of the rou-ne, and executes rou-ne Mul– ­? step Processing of a Program or Execu-on †¢? User programs go through several steps before being able to run. †¢? This mul– ­? step processing of the program invokes †¢? The appropriate u-lity (the rectangle) †¢? Generates the required module at each step (the circle) †¢? Basically, it is all about bind – addres s mapping. Binding of Instruc9ons and Data to Memory †¢? Address binding of instruc-ons and data to memory addresses can happen at three di? erent stages –? Compile 9me: If memory loca-on known a priori, absolute code can be generated; must recompile code if star-ng loca-on changes –? Load 9me: Must generate relocatable ode if memory loca-on is not known at compile -me –? Execu9on 9me: Binding delayed un-l run -me if the process can be moved during its execu-on from one memory segment to another. Need hardware support for address maps (e. g. , base and limit registers) †¢? Controlled overlap: †¢? Address Type: –? Separate state of threads should not collide in physical memory. Obviously, unexpected overlap causes chaos! –? Conversely, would like the ability to overlap when desired (for communica-on) –? A physical (absolute) address is a physical loca-on in main memory. –? A logical (virtual) address is a eference to a m emory loca-on that is independent of the physical organiza-on of memory. –? All memory references in user process are logical addresses. –? A rela-ve address is an example of logical address in which the address is expressed as a loca-on rela-ve to some known point in the program (ex: the beginning address). †¢? Transla-on: †¢? Protec-on: –? Ability to translate accesses from one address space (virtual) to a di? erent one (physical) –? When transla-on exists, processor uses virtual addresses, physical memory uses physical addresses –? Side e? ects: Can be used to avoid overlap,Can be used to give uniform view of memory to programs –? Prevent access to private memory of other processes †¢? Di? erent pages of memory can be given special behavior (Read Only, Invisible to user programs, etc). †¢? Kernel data protected from User programs †¢? Programs protected from themselves Base and Limit Registers †¢? Each process has a separate memory space (logical/user address space). †¢? A pair of base and limit registers de? ne the logical address space –? base register holds the smallest legal physical address –? limit register speci? es the size of the range of a process †¢? Could se base/limit for dynamic address transla9on (oBen called â€Å"segmenta9on†): –? Alter address of every load/store by adding â€Å"base† –? User allowed to read/write within segment  »? Accesses are rela9ve to segment so don’t have to be relocated when program moved to di? erent segment –? User may have mul9ple segments available (e. g x86)  »? Loads and stores include segment ID in opcode: x86 Example: mov [es:bx],ax.  »? Opera9ng system moves around segment base pointers as necessary Mul-programming †¢? Problem: Run mul-ple applica-ons in such a way that they are protected from one another †¢? Goals: –?Isolate processes and kernel fro m one another –? Allow ?exible transla-on that: †¢? Doesn’t lead to fragmenta-on †¢? Allows easy sharing between processes †¢? Allows only part of process to be resident in physical memory †¢? (Some of the required) Hardware Mechanisms: –? General Address Transla-on –? Dual Mode Opera-on †¢? Flexible: Can ?t physical chunks of memory into arbitrary places in users address space †¢? Not limited to small number of segments †¢? Think of this as providing a large number (thousands) of ?xed- ­? sized segments (called â€Å"pages†) †¢? Protec-on base involving kernel/user dis-nc-on

Stress and Self Esteem

In recent studies philosophers have discussed whether stress and self-esteem have any relations to one another. Does the effect of a person’s stress affect their self esteem? It might seem that a person with low self esteem could be the effects of a high level of stress. Self-Esteem affects everyone, especially teenagers. The articles suggest that there may be other factors that influence stress and self esteem. Introduction â€Å"The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines stress as a physical, chemical, or emotional factor that causes bodily or mental tension and may be a factor in disease causation.It may seem confusing but everyone has dealt with stress in their lifetime. Stress is something that is not diagnosed by a doctor, but when a person is stressed, they can definitely feel it (R. , Jill, 2012, par 2). What is self esteem? It is the opinion you have for yourself and your value as a person. Self confidence is also a major role in self esteem. Studies have shown that ther e is a negative relationship between self esteem and stress. It was also found that self esteem appears to control the effects of stress on psychological functioning.Those with low self esteem distribute more of a higher stress level than those with a high self esteem. By having a high self esteem it makes dealing with stress easier. High self esteem may protect the individual from distress by allowing the individual to feel less vulnerable and help them rise up from difficult situations. High self esteem may also result in more active and effective coping and in enhanced motivation in response to stress (Abel, 1996). Individuals have their own way they deal with stress and their self esteem.Stress and self esteem have relations to one another but people deal with things differently. â€Å"Another study examined self esteem as a moderator of the influence of perceived stress and coping on symptoms of depression in a sample of 713 college students. The results suggest that self este em may play an important role in the development of depressive symptoms in college students through interactions with perceived stress and coping (Eisenbarth, 2012, par. 1). † If an individual does not see them self as worthy, or important, a rise in stress is likely to occur (Eisenbarth, 2012).I believe the strength of the relationship between the two variables is a medium. Even though research suggests that stress and self esteem do not have such a close connection, I think self esteem and stress are closely connected because every person handles stress differently. If a person has a high level of stress and a low self esteem, it may cause his or her self esteem level drop even more. College students tend to have a higher stress level which could lead to serious depression disorders. The transactional model of stress and coping forwarded by Lazarus and Folk-man (1984) defines stress as an imbalance between people’s perception of the demands placed upon them and their interpretation of the resources available to cope with those demands (Esienbarth, 2012, par 3).† Those with higher levels of self esteem may take stress more lightly, while those with low self esteem may only see the negative sides of the stress which could cause their stress to heighten even more. â€Å"A United States study shows that forty three percent of adults suffer adverse health effects from stress (Hall, 2012, par 2). If an individual has a high self esteem and recently suffers from a lot of stress can cause the persons self esteem to go from high to low. Having a low self esteem can lead to weight gain and depression. If a person does not get help when suffering stress or self esteem problems, it could eventually lead to health problems. Researchers found that there is a strong relationship between how someone copes with stress and self esteem. People with low self esteem are more likely to view their behavior as being dependent on the situation while people with h igh self esteem have a greater ability to connect in a wide range of coping behaviors.Why do people with low self esteem view their coping behavior more as self-dependent? It has been suggested that self esteem influences coping because it is so strongly related to personal preferences which they use for their own differences and outcomes (Abel, 1996). It may be that peoples coping styles reflect their self esteem, but they could also be building a barrier that could make their self esteem crash. If a person continuously worries about their self esteem and how to cope with it, the more stressed and anxious they may become.Self esteem is not as important as self acceptance. Many people argue that self esteem and self acceptance are the same thing, however to some people they disagree (R. , Jill, 2012). Things people need to do to make themselves feel better is to learn to accept themselves for who they are and not what you expect yourself to be. Everyone does good and bad things. Str ess and self esteem are handled differently by everyone. Building a high self esteem can take years to complete and when they face stress it doesn’t affect them as much as it does a person with low self esteem.By having high self esteem it makes dealing with situations easier. People with low self esteem seem to be shy, quiet, and self conscious about themselves and when they have high levels of stress they tend to keep to them self and cope with it on their own (R. , Jill, 2012). There are many different ways of coping with stress because everyone has it. Stress is a normal situation for people and everyone deals with it their own ways. Even though research says stress and self esteem have little to do with each other, there have not been a lot of studies to prove it.In conclusion, Stress and self esteem have little to do with how people deal with or perceive the levels of stress in their lives. It has more to do with other factors such as coping styles and self concept. The purpose of this correlation essay was to research that people with high self esteem see themselves to have lower levels of stress than those with low self esteem and people who have low self esteem perceive themselves to have high levels of stress than those with high self esteem (Eisenbarth, 2012).References Abel, M. H. (1996). Self-Esteem: Moderator of mediator between perceived stress and expectancy of success. Psychological Reports, 79, 635-641. Eisenbarth, Chris. (2012). Does Self-Esteem Moderate the Relations among Perceived Stress, Coping, and Depression? College Student Journal, 46, 149-157. Retrieved from http://www. nclive. org. Hall, Joanna. (2012). Outsmart Stress. Good Health, 72-74. Retrieved from http://www. nclive. org. R. , Jill. (2012) Stress and Self Esteem. Retrieved from http://www. ourstressfullives. com

Economic data analysis using software STATA Essay

Economic data analysis using software STATA - Essay Example variables; GDP, the rate of inflation, the rate of un-employment, long term interest rate, short term interest rate, the CPI-consumer price index an, the money supply (M) and regression analysis done using STATA. When investing, you are most likely to hear the terms inflation, unemployment, Consumer Price Index (CPI) and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) about every day (Barnes, R 2007). Investors are often made to feel that these terms should be looked deeply as a surgeon would study a patients chart prior to operating (Barnes, R 2007). Countries really need to find a level of understanding which can assists them in decision making without engaging piles of data to solve the problem. Inflation in the increase in the  money supply. It can also mean an increase in price levels for different commodities. Generally, inflation is about a prices increase as compared to some set levels (Richmond, H 2006). According to Gay, A (2006), if the money supply goes up, this is usually manifested in higher price levels for commodities, however, he continues to state that, this manifestation takes only a short while and that, it is simply a matter of time. According to Dawson, G. et al. (2006), Gross Domestic Product in a country represents the total aggregate output of its economy. Further to him, the GDP figures which are reported to investors and those that want to invest are already adjusted for inflation. For example, if the gross GDP is calculated to be 6% above than the preceding year and inflation calculated at 2% over the same period, then the GDP growth would be reported as 4% (6%-2). The relationship between inflation and GDP is like a delicate dance where any can break affecting the masses (Dobson, S & Palfreman, S 1999). The annual GDP growth is vital for each and every country in that, if the overall economic output declines or holds steadily, then many organizations will not be in a position to increase profits which is the sole driver of stock performance in all of